Metro Manila, Philippines - President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. has created an independent commission with extraordinary powers to investigate corruption in public works - its authority ranging from issuing subpoenas to freezing the assets of those suspected of graft.

Under Executive Order 94, signed on Sept. 11, the Independent Commission for Infrastructure (ICI) will probe irregularities in infrastructure spending, focusing on flood control projects long dogged by corruption allegations.

Marcos said the body is designed to “ensure that all flood control and other infrastructure projects are implemented with integrity, efficiency, and accountability,” and to “repress and hold accountable government officials and employees, whether incumbent or former, who are found to have engaged in graft and corruption.”

Mandate

The commission’s jurisdiction covers violations of the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, the Code of Conduct for Public Officials, the law on unlawful acquisition of property, and related offenses under the Revised Penal Code. It may investigate projects undertaken within the decade.

The ICI can launch probes on its own initiative or act on formal complaints filed by citizens, agencies, or whistleblowers.

Subpoena powers

The commission may conduct hearings, subpoena witnesses, and compel the production of documents — including contracts, bank records, and government communications. It may also take custody of records and evidence from government offices and private contractors.

Preventive suspensions

To protect evidence and shield witnesses, the ICI may recommend the preventive suspension of public officials while investigations are ongoing. This authority applies not only to rank-and-file employees but also to high-ranking officials accused of involvement.

Asset freeze and travel ban

The watchdog can seek court orders to freeze bank accounts, seize unlawfully acquired assets, and issue hold-departure orders against individuals under investigation. This prevents funds from being moved abroad and keeps suspects from leaving the country.

Penalties and case referrals

The ICI has the power to recommend criminal, civil, and administrative charges before the Department of Justice, the Office of the Ombudsman, and other bodies. It may also refer witnesses for coverage under the Witness Protection Program and request state witness status when necessary.

Checks on Congress and the courts

The order authorizes the ICI to request official records from Congress and obtain case documents from the Sandiganbayan and other courts. Monthly reports must be submitted to the president, and findings may be made public “in the interest of transparency and accountability.”

Temporary but powerful

The commission will be supported by a secretariat led by an executive director with the rank of undersecretary. It will automatically be dissolved once its mandate is complete or upon the president’s order.