Metro Manila (CNN Philippines, November 11) — For the second year in a row, Filipinos are the least-satisfied drivers among 39 countries, said popular navigation app Waze.

The Philippines’ driving dissatisfaction trails behind because of “unhappiness with traffic jam length, commute time and helpfulness of the driving community,” said Waze in its third annual global Driver Satisfaction Index.

Waze analyzed the index through the experience of its active users, scoring key factors from satisfying (10) to miserable (1).

The Philippines got an average score of 3.02, putting it in last place.

It is preceded by the Dominican Republic (3.35), El Salvador (3.56), Indonesia (3.71), and Russia (3.78).

Meanwhile, Waze ranked the Netherlands as the best place to be a driver (7.90), followed by France (7.85), the United States (7.55), Czech Republic (7.49), and Belgium (7.41).

“Waze chose to focus on countries and metros with more than 40,000 monthly active users to ensure data accuracy and fair market comparisons,” it said in its statement.

The Driver Satisfaction Index is based on six key factors:

Traffic level by frequency and severity of traffic jams

Road quality and infrastructure

Driver safety based on accidents, road hazards, and weather

Driver services like access to gas stations and easy parking

Socio-economic (World Bank) including access to cars and impact of gas prices

Wazeyness — the level of helpfulness and happiness within the Waze community

In 2015, Waze ranked Manila as the city with the “worst traffic on Earth,” based on the same index.

A Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) study has found the country will lose up to P6 billion per day in traffic costs and productivity loss by 2030 if the daily gridlock in Metro Manila is not addressed.

The on-ground traffic is compounded by the frequent breakdown of MRT-3 trains which traverse Edsa, the main artery connecting the metropolis. Transport officials hope to resolve the breakdown issues fully before the end of 2017.

READ: Gov’t hopes to get new MRT-3 maintenance provider by end-2017